\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Introduction }{1} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2} Creating FITSIO/CFITSIO }{3} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Building the Library}{3} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Testing the Library}{6} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Linking Programs with FITSIO}{7} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}Getting Started with FITSIO}{8} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.5}Example Program}{8} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.6}Legal Stuff}{9} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.7}Acknowledgements}{10} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3} A FITS Primer }{13} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}FITSIO Conventions and Guidelines }{15} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}CFITSIO Size Limitations}{15} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Multiple Access to the Same FITS File}{16} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Current Header Data Unit (CHDU)}{16} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Subroutine Names}{16} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Subroutine Families and Datatypes}{17} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.6}Implicit Data Type Conversion}{18} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.7}Data Scaling}{18} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.8}Error Status Values and the Error Message Stack}{19} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.9}Variable-Length Array Facility in Binary Tables}{19} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.10}Support for IEEE Special Values}{20} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.11}When the Final Size of the FITS HDU is Unknown}{21} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.12}Local FITS Conventions supported by FITSIO}{21} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.1}Support for Long String Keyword Values.}{22} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.2}Arrays of Fixed-Length Strings in Binary Tables}{22} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.3}Keyword Units Strings}{23} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.4}HIERARCH Convention for Extended Keyword Names}{23} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.13}Optimizing Code for Maximum Processing Speed}{24} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.13.1}Background Information: How CFITSIO Manages Data I/O}{25} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5} Basic Interface Routines }{29} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}FITSIO Error Status Routines }{29} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}File I/O Routines}{30} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Keyword I/O Routines}{32} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Data I/O Routines}{33} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6} Advanced Interface Subroutines }{35} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}FITS File Open and Close Subroutines: }{35} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}HDU-Level Operations }{38} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Define or Redefine the structure of the CHDU }{41} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}FITS Header I/O Subroutines}{43} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.1}Header Space and Position Routines }{43} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.2}Read or Write Standard Header Routines }{43} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.3}Write Keyword Subroutines }{45} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.4}Insert Keyword Subroutines }{47} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.5}Read Keyword Subroutines }{47} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.6}Modify Keyword Subroutines }{49} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.7}Update Keyword Subroutines }{50} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.8}Delete Keyword Subroutines }{50} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.5}Data Scaling and Undefined Pixel Parameters }{51} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.6}FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Subroutines }{52} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.7}FITS ASCII and Binary Table Data I/O Subroutines}{55} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.1}Column Information Subroutines }{55} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.2}Low-Level Table Access Subroutines }{58} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.3}Edit Rows or Columns }{58} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.4}Read and Write Column Data Routines }{60} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.8}Row Selection and Calculator Routines }{63} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.9}Celestial Coordinate System Subroutines }{65} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.10}File Checksum Subroutines }{66} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.11} Date and Time Utility Routines }{67} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.12}General Utility Subroutines }{68} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7} The CFITSIO Iterator Function }{75} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8} Extended File Name Syntax }{77} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.1}Overview}{77} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.2}Filetype}{80} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.1}Notes about HTTP proxy servers}{80} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.2}Notes about the root filetype}{80} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.3}Notes about the shmem filetype:}{82} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.3}Base Filename}{83} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.4}Output File Name when Opening an Existing File}{85} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.5}Template File Name when Creating a New File}{86} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.6}Image Tile-Compression Specification}{86} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.7}HDU Location Specification}{87} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.8}Image Section}{88} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.9}Image Transform Filters}{89} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.10}Column and Keyword Filtering Specification}{90} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.11}Row Filtering Specification}{92} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.1}General Syntax}{93} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.2}Bit Masks}{95} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.3}Vector Columns}{96} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.4}Good Time Interval Filtering}{97} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.5}Spatial Region Filtering}{98} \contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.6}Example Row Filters}{101} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.12} Binning or Histogramming Specification}{102} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Template Files }{105} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}Detailed Template Line Format}{105} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}Auto-indexing of Keywords}{106} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.3}Template Parser Directives}{107} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.4}Formal Template Syntax}{107} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.5}Errors}{108} \contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.6}Examples}{108} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10} Summary of all FITSIO User-Interface Subroutines }{111} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {11} Parameter Definitions }{119} \contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {12} FITSIO Error Status Codes }{125}